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The issue of narrative and personal identity appears in Ricoeur's considerations in the context of the experience of time. Ricoeur is a French philosopher who searches for answers to this question and indicates that time can not only weaken a person's identity but can also strengthen it. The question of identity, which is related to time and change, was raised again in Paul Ricoeur's philosophy. This research was forced to take into account the context of man's entire life, seeking an answer to the question of whether the old man is the same man he was as a child eighty years earlier. The contesting the category of substance in modern philosophy resulted in a search for a new path. The problem of a person's identity was solved by ancient and medieval philosophy based on the category of substance, which in the strong premise of the immortal soul was the core of human identity. This synthesis allows us to look at a single life as a whole, belonging to the same person endowed with the character and challenge of keeping a promise. Character and promise are models that allow the human being to look at his or her life as a certain temporal entity that is constantly threatened by unforeseen accidents and events but also constantly absorbs them and, through to time, gives the possibility of retrospection leading to synthesis. It allows the action to turn around, but it also allows the human being to look at the story of his or her life.

In this concept, time enables the development of action in a story. In this way, these two different models create the framework for Ricoeur's concept of narrative identity. The promise, on the other hand, is a model that resists the pressure of time attempts to keep a given word. Character is a model that changes over time through the acquisition or loss of various traits. He, therefore, proposes two new models of identity that are related in different ways to temporality: character and promise.

He considers this problem in the context of time and notes that traditional models of identity as sameness and as selfhood have been entangled in various aporias.

The problem of personal identity was one of the most important issues in Paul Ricoeur’s philosophy. The core of the problem is the question of whether the person is the same as he or she was at another time. It is the factor that brings identity into question. Time has a very important function in considering the identity of a person.